When it comes to choosing the right firewood for your home heating needs or outdoor enjoyment, cedar often comes up as an intriguing option. Is cedar firewood good for burning? This question has sparked debates among homeowners, campers, and firewood enthusiasts alike. Cedar, known for its distinctive aroma and natural properties, presents both advantages and challenges as a fuel source. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll delve deep into the world of cedar firewood, exploring its characteristics, burning qualities, and practical considerations. Whether you’re stocking up for winter, planning a camping trip, or simply curious about alternative firewood options, this article will provide you with all the information you need to make an informed decision about using cedar as firewood.
Contents
The Nature of Cedar Wood
Cedar Species and Characteristics
Cedar is a coniferous tree belonging to the Pinaceae family. There are several species of cedar, each with its own unique characteristics. The most common types used for firewood include:
- Eastern Red Cedar (Juniperus virginiana)
- Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata)
- Northern White Cedar (Thuja occidentalis)
- Atlas Cedar (Cedrus atlantica)
- Lebanon Cedar (Cedrus libani)
Each of these species has distinct properties that affect its performance as firewood. Cedar trees are known for their aromatic wood, which contains natural oils and resins. These compounds contribute to cedar’s resistance to decay and insect infestation, making it a popular choice for outdoor furniture and construction materials.
Cedar wood is generally softer and less dense compared to hardwoods like oak or maple. This softness affects its burning characteristics and heat output. The wood has a straight grain and is typically light in color, ranging from pale yellow to reddish-brown, depending on the species.
Cedar’s Natural Properties
Cedar’s unique properties set it apart from other types of firewood:
- Aromatic oils: Cedar contains volatile oils that give it its distinctive scent. These oils contribute to the wood’s ability to repel insects and resist rot.
- Low moisture content: Cedar naturally has a lower moisture content compared to many other types of wood. This characteristic allows it to dry and season more quickly than denser hardwoods.
- Resin content: The presence of resin in cedar wood affects its burning properties. While resin can help ignite the wood quickly, it can also lead to increased creosote buildup in chimneys if not burned properly.
- Lightweight: Cedar is significantly lighter than hardwoods, making it easier to handle and transport. However, this also means it burns faster and produces less heat per volume compared to denser woods.
- Decay resistance: The natural oils and compounds in cedar make it highly resistant to decay, which is beneficial for long-term storage of firewood.
Understanding these inherent properties of cedar wood is crucial in evaluating its suitability as firewood and determining the best practices for its use.
Burning Characteristics of Cedar Firewood
Heat Output and Efficiency
When considering firewood, one of the most important factors is its heat output. Cedar firewood is known for its moderate heat output compared to hardwoods. Here’s a breakdown of its burning characteristics:
- BTU Rating: The heat value of wood is measured in British Thermal Units (BTUs) per cord. Cedar typically ranges from 12 to 13 million BTUs per cord, which is lower than hardwoods like oak (24-28 million BTUs) or maple (18-24 million BTUs).
- Quick ignition: Cedar’s low density and presence of volatile oils allow it to ignite quickly, making it excellent for starting fires.
- Fast burn rate: Due to its softwood nature, cedar burns relatively quickly compared to hardwoods. This can be advantageous for short-duration fires but may require more frequent refueling for sustained heating.
- Moderate heat: While cedar doesn’t produce as much heat as dense hardwoods, it provides a steady, moderate warmth suitable for mild weather or supplementary heating.
- Efficiency in mixed loads: Cedar can be efficiently used in combination with slower-burning hardwoods to balance quick ignition with sustained heat output.
To illustrate the heat output of cedar compared to other common firewood types, consider the following table:
| Wood Type | BTUs per Cord (in millions) | Relative Burn Speed | Smoke Production |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cedar | 12-13 | Fast | Moderate |
| Oak | 24-28 | Slow | Low |
| Pine | 15-21 | Fast | High |
| Maple | 18-24 | Medium | Low |
| Birch | 20-26 | Medium | Low |
This table demonstrates that while cedar may not be the highest heat producer, it has its place in a well-rounded firewood strategy.
Smoke and Creosote Production
An important consideration when burning any type of wood is the amount of smoke and creosote it produces. Cedar has some unique characteristics in this regard:
- Aromatic smoke: Cedar produces a fragrant smoke that many find pleasant. This makes it popular for outdoor fires and cooking applications.
- Moderate smoke volume: When properly seasoned and burned, cedar produces a moderate amount of smoke compared to some other softwoods.
- Creosote concerns: The resin content in cedar can lead to increased creosote buildup in chimneys if the wood is not burned at high enough temperatures. This is particularly important for indoor use in fireplaces or wood stoves.
- Proper burning techniques: To minimize creosote production, it’s crucial to burn cedar in a well-ventilated fire at high temperatures. This ensures more complete combustion of the volatile compounds.
- Regular chimney maintenance: If using cedar regularly in an indoor setting, more frequent chimney cleaning may be necessary to prevent excessive creosote accumulation.
Understanding these smoke and creosote characteristics is essential for safely and effectively using cedar as firewood, particularly in indoor settings.
Aroma and Ambiance
One of cedar’s most distinctive features is its aromatic properties, which significantly contribute to the overall burning experience:
- Pleasant scent: Cedar releases a sweet, distinctive aroma when burned, creating a pleasant atmosphere for both indoor and outdoor settings.
- Insect repellent: The natural oils in cedar smoke can help repel insects, making it a popular choice for outdoor gatherings and campfires.
- Culinary applications: The aromatic smoke from cedar is sometimes used in cooking, particularly for smoking fish or grilling certain meats.
- Mood enhancement: The scent of burning cedar is often associated with relaxation and can contribute to a cozy, comforting ambiance.
- Potential sensitivities: While many enjoy the scent of cedar, some individuals may be sensitive to its strong aroma, especially in enclosed spaces.
These aromatic qualities make cedar a unique choice for those who value the sensory experience of a fire beyond just its heat output.
Practical Considerations for Using Cedar Firewood
Seasoning and Storage
Proper seasoning and storage are crucial for maximizing the efficiency and safety of burning cedar firewood:
- Seasoning time: Cedar typically requires less seasoning time compared to denser hardwoods. Generally, 6-12 months of proper seasoning is sufficient for cedar to reach optimal moisture content.
- Moisture content: The ideal moisture content for burning cedar is below 20%. Due to its naturally low moisture content, cedar can sometimes be ready to burn in as little as 3-6 months under optimal conditions.
- Storage methods:
- Stack cedar firewood in a well-ventilated area, preferably off the ground.
- Use a cover that protects the wood from rain and snow while allowing air circulation.
- Avoid storing cedar in enclosed spaces like garages or basements, as this can lead to mold growth.
- Splitting: Cedar splits easily due to its straight grain, making it less labor-intensive to prepare compared to some hardwoods.
- Pest resistance: Cedar’s natural oils make it resistant to insects and decay, reducing concerns about pest infestation during storage.
Proper seasoning and storage not only improve burning efficiency but also help minimize smoke and creosote production when the wood is burned.
Best Practices for Burning Cedar
To get the most out of cedar firewood while ensuring safety and efficiency, follow these best practices:
- Use in combination: Mix cedar with denser hardwoods to balance quick ignition with sustained heat output.
- Outdoor use: Cedar excels in outdoor settings like campfires, fire pits, and chimineas due to its pleasant aroma and insect-repelling properties.
- Indoor considerations: When using cedar indoors, ensure proper ventilation and burn at high temperatures to minimize creosote buildup.
- Fire starting: Use small pieces of cedar as kindling to easily start fires with less flammable woods.
- Cooking applications: When using cedar for cooking or smoking, ensure the wood is untreated and free from any chemicals.
- Regular maintenance: Clean chimneys and flues more frequently when burning cedar regularly indoors.
- Burn hot: Encourage a hot, well-ventilated fire to ensure complete combustion and reduce smoke production.
By following these practices, you can maximize the benefits of cedar firewood while mitigating potential drawbacks.
Environmental Impact and Sustainability
When considering any firewood, it’s important to think about its environmental impact and sustainability:
- Fast-growing: Many cedar species grow relatively quickly, making them a more renewable resource compared to slow-growing hardwoods.
- Local availability: The environmental impact of using cedar can be reduced by sourcing it locally, minimizing transportation emissions.
- Forest management: Sustainable harvesting of cedar can contribute to healthy forest management practices.
- Carbon neutrality: Like all wood, cedar is considered carbon-neutral when burned, as it releases the same amount of carbon it absorbed during growth.
- Alternative uses: Cedar’s durability makes it valuable for other purposes like construction and furniture, potentially competing with its use as firewood.
- Habitat considerations: Some cedar species play important roles in specific ecosystems, so responsible harvesting is crucial.
When choosing cedar as firewood, consider its source and the impact of harvesting on local ecosystems to ensure sustainable use.
Comparing Cedar to Other Firewood Types
Cedar vs. Hardwoods
Understanding how cedar compares to common hardwoods can help you make an informed decision about your firewood choices:
- Heat output:
- Cedar: 12-13 million BTUs per cord
- Oak: 24-28 million BTUs per cord
- Maple: 18-24 million BTUs per cord Cedar produces significantly less heat than most hardwoods, making it less ideal for primary heating in cold climates.
- Burn time:
- Cedar burns quickly due to its lower density
- Hardwoods like oak and maple burn slowly, providing longer-lasting heat
- Ease of ignition:
- Cedar ignites easily and quickly
- Hardwoods often require more effort to start burning but maintain a fire longer
- Spark production:
- Cedar produces fewer sparks than many hardwoods
- Some hardwoods, like oak, can produce more sparks, requiring extra caution in open fireplaces
- Weight and handling:
- Cedar is lightweight and easy to handle
- Hardwoods are generally heavier, which can make processing and moving firewood more challenging
- Seasoning time:
- Cedar seasons relatively quickly (6-12 months)
- Many hardwoods require 1-2 years of seasoning for optimal burning
Cedar vs. Other Softwoods
Comparing cedar to other softwoods like pine can provide insights into its relative performance:
- Heat output:
- Cedar: 12-13 million BTUs per cord
- Pine: 15-21 million BTUs per cord While cedar produces less heat than pine, the difference is less pronounced than with hardwoods.
- Resin content:
- Cedar has moderate resin content
- Pine typically has higher resin content, which can lead to more creosote buildup
- Aroma:
- Cedar produces a distinct, pleasant aroma
- Pine has a strong, sometimes overwhelming scent that not everyone enjoys
- Smoke production:
- Cedar produces moderate smoke
- Pine often produces more smoke, especially if not well-seasoned
- Insect resistance:
- Cedar’s natural oils make it highly resistant to insects
- Pine is more susceptible to insect infestation during storage
- Availability:
- Cedar availability varies by region
- Pine is often more widely available and less expensive
Understanding these comparisons can help you decide when and how to use cedar firewood in conjunction with other wood types for optimal results.
Specific Uses for Cedar Firewood
Outdoor Recreation
Cedar firewood excels in various outdoor recreational settings:
- Campfires:
- Quick ignition makes it easy to start campfires
- Pleasant aroma enhances the camping experience
- Natural insect-repelling properties are beneficial in outdoor settings
- Beach bonfires:
- Cedar’s lighter weight makes it easier to transport to the beach
- Salt air doesn’t affect cedar as much as it does some other woods
- Backyard fire pits:
- Creates a pleasant atmosphere with its aroma
- Moderate heat output is suitable for milder evenings
- Outdoor cooking:
- Cedar planks are popular for grilling fish
- The aromatic smoke can add flavor to foods cooked over cedar fires
- Portable fire pits:
- Cedar’s lightweight nature makes it ideal for portable fire pit setups
When using cedar for these outdoor applications, always check local regulations regarding firewood use and transportation to prevent the spread of invasive species.
Indoor Use
While cedar has some limitations for indoor use, it can be effectively employed in certain situations:
- Fireplace aesthetics:
- The pleasant aroma and crackling sound can enhance the ambiance of a room
- Visual appeal of the flames, especially when mixed with other woods
- Supplemental heating:
- Can provide quick warmth on chilly autumn or spring evenings
- Useful for zone heating in specific rooms
- Fire starting:
- Excellent as kindling to help start fires with less flammable woods
- Wood stoves:
- Can be used in small amounts mixed with hardwoods for more efficient burning
- Caution is needed due to potential creosote buildup
- Aromatic benefits:
- Can act as a natural air freshener when burned indoors
- May help create a relaxing atmosphere
When using cedar indoors, ensure proper ventilation and regular chimney maintenance to address potential creosote concerns.
Specialized Applications
Cedar firewood finds use in several specialized applications:
- Sauna rocks:
- Cedar’s aromatic properties make it popular for use in saunas
- The scent is believed by some to have therapeutic benefits
- Smoking meats:
- Cedar wood chips or planks are used to impart flavor to smoked foods
- Particularly popular for smoking fish, especially salmon
- Craft projects:
- Leftover cedar firewood can be repurposed for small woodworking projects
- The pleasant scent makes it suitable for creating aromatic crafts
- Natural moth repellent:
- Cedar’s insect-repelling properties make it useful for protecting clothing storage areas
- Kindling production:
- Due to its easy splitting and quick ignition, cedar is excellent for creating kindling
- Rustic furniture accents:
- Small cedar logs can be incorporated into rustic furniture designs
These specialized uses showcase the versatility of cedar beyond its application as standard firewood.
Safety Considerations
Fire Safety
When using cedar firewood, adhering to proper fire safety practices is crucial:
- Proper ventilation:
- Ensure adequate airflow when burning cedar, especially indoors
- Keep flues and chimneys clear and well-maintained
- Spark management:
- Use a fireplace screen to contain any sparks, even though cedar produces fewer sparks than some woods
- Keep flammable materials away from the fire area
- Creosote awareness:
- Monitor and clean chimneys regularly to prevent creosote buildup
- Burn cedar at high temperatures to reduce creosote formation
- Fire extinguishing:
- Always have a fire extinguisher nearby
- Ensure the fire is completely out before leaving it unattended
- Outdoor fire regulations:
- Follow local guidelines for outdoor fires, including fire pit regulations and burn bans
Health Considerations
While cedar is generally safe to burn, there are some health factors to consider:
- Respiratory sensitivities:
- Some individuals may be sensitive to cedar smoke, experiencing respiratory irritation
- Ensure good ventilation when burning cedar indoors
- Allergic reactions:
- In rare cases, people may have allergic reactions to cedar pollen or oils
- Be aware of any personal sensitivities before using cedar extensively
- Food safety:
- When using cedar for cooking, ensure the wood is untreated and food-safe
- Avoid using cedar that may have been exposed to pesticides or other chemicals
- Skin irritation:
- The oils in cedar can cause skin irritation in some people
- Wear gloves when handling cedar firewood if you’re sensitive
- Pet safety:
- Cedar oils can be harmful to some pets, particularly small animals
- Ensure pets are not exposed to cedar smoke in enclosed spaces
By being aware of these safety considerations, you can enjoy the benefits of cedar firewood while minimizing potential risks.
FAQ
Is cedar firewood good for burning in a wood stove?
Cedar can be used in wood stoves, but with caution. Its fast-burning nature and potential for creosote buildup make it less ideal than hardwoods. If using cedar in a wood stove, mix it with denser woods and ensure the stove is burning at high temperatures to minimize creosote formation.
How long does it take for cedar to season properly?
Cedar typically seasons faster than many other types of firewood due to its lower density and natural moisture content. In ideal conditions, cedar can be ready to burn in 6-12 months. However, for optimal results, aim for a moisture content below 20%, which may take up to a year depending on climate and storage conditions.
Can cedar firewood be used for cooking and smoking food?
Yes, cedar can be used for cooking and smoking, particularly for fish like salmon. Cedar planks and chips are popular in grilling and smoking applications. However, ensure you’re using untreated, food-safe cedar. The distinct aroma of cedar can impart a unique flavor to foods, but use it sparingly as the strong flavor can overpower some dishes.
Conclusion
Cedar firewood, with its distinctive aroma and quick-burning properties, offers a unique burning experience. While it may not be the best choice for primary heating due to its lower heat output, cedar excels in outdoor settings, as a fire starter, and for creating ambiance. Its natural insect-repelling qualities and pleasant scent make it ideal for campfires and backyard gatherings. When used responsibly and in combination with denser woods, cedar can be a valuable addition to your firewood supply. By understanding its characteristics and following best practices, you can safely enjoy the benefits of cedar while minimizing potential drawbacks. Ultimately, cedar’s suitability depends on your specific needs and intended use.
External links for further information:
- U.S. Forest Service – Fuel Value Calculator: https://www.fs.usda.gov/ccrc/tool/fuel-value-calculator
- Environmental Protection Agency – Burn Wise Program: https://www.epa.gov/burnwise
- National Fire Protection Association – Fireplaces Safety Tips: https://www.nfpa.org/Public-Education/Fire-causes-and-risks/Top-fire-causes/Heating
- University of Tennessee Extension – Wood as a Fuel Source: https://extension.tennessee.edu/publications/Documents/PB1640.pdf
- Oregon State University Extension – Selecting and Storing Firewood: